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Five
miles northeast of Hanover,
Kansas
is the only remaining
Pony
Express stop still standing in its original location. Built
on Cottonwood Creek in 1857 by Gerat H. Hollenberg, this station was
also the largest stop along the
Pony
Express route. Intending to capitalize on the many wagon
trains passing his way on the
Oregon-California Trail,
Hollenberg’s six-room building initially served as a grocery store,
tavern, and an unofficial post office. Three years later it
became a
Pony Express station and later a stage coach station.
The
Pony
Express Route, which ran 2,000 miles from St Joseph,
Missouri
to Sacramento,
California
was in operation for only eighteen months, from April 1860 through
October, 1861. Amazingly, these young riders carried
approximately 35,000 pieces of mail over more than 650,000 miles
during this time and it is said they only lost one sack of mail during
this time.
Before
the Pony
Express, the railroads and telegraph lines extended no further
west than
St. Joseph,
Missouri
and mail traveled west by stagecoach and wagons, a trip that could
take months, if it arrived at all. The
Pony
Express alleviated this problem with riders who could dramatically
reduce the amount of time it took for the mail to be delivered. But, it was a dangerous job, fraught with
Indian
attacks, rough terrain and severe weather.
For this
reason, a
Pony Express an 1860 advertisement in
California
read: "Wanted. Young, skinny, wiry fellows not over 18. Must
be expert riders, willing to risk death daily. Orphans preferred.” Most of the riders were around 20, but there was one that was only 11 and
the oldest rider was in his mid-40’s. Usually, they weighed about
120 pounds. One Hundred, eighty-three men rode for the
Pony Express,
each receiving $100 per month in pay. Riding in a relay fashion,
each rider would cover about 75-100 miles before another rider took his
place on the route. However, rider’s received fresh horses every
10-15 miles. The entire one-way trip would take about ten days.

The First Ride by Charles
Hargens, hangs in the
Pony Express
Museum in
St. Joseph,
Missouri
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