Neil Howie, Montana Lawman.
Neil Howie was a territorial lawman in Montana who often worked with Montana Vigilantes to rid the territory of outlaws.
Born in Ayrshire, Scotland, in 1837, Howie immigrated to the United States as a boy and was raised in Wisconsin. As he grew up, he moved westward, landing in Colorado for a time before going to southwestern Montana in 1863.
There, Howie prospected for gold and worked as a freighter between Salt Lake City and the Beaverhead‑Madison country. During a return freight trip from Salt Lake in January 1864, Howie single‑handedly captured the road agent “Dutch John” Wagner. He delivered him to the Montana Vigilantes, with whom he had become involved. Allegedly, Bannack Sheriff Henry Plummer attempted to recruit him into his outlaw band, the Innocents, but Howie refused.
In April 1864, Howie was appointed as a deputy sheriff of Madison County. Later that summer, he became the county’s first popularly elected sheriff. Though he was officially a lawman, he sometimes handled justice more swiftly by handing over outlaws to the vigilantes.
“According to the program last night, a party of us went up a mile & a half to give a man by the name of Tweed 50 lashes … he shed some tears while receiving his sentence … The boys gave him ten days to leave; the time was up last night; if he don’t leave in 5 days… he is to get 100, then if he don’t leave, to be hung.”
— Neil Howie diary entry, March 24, 1865
In July 1865, he was appointed as the first U.S. Deputy Marshal for the state of Montana. He traveled to Helena, Montana, to enforce federal law in the newly created territory.
Absaroka (Crow) Warriors.
In July 1867, he was commissioned as a colonel for the 1st Montana Volunteer Cavalry and led his men in building Fort T.F. Meagher and Fort Howie. In late August, his troops fought with Crow Indians who had been attacking area settlers.
Later, he went to Wyoming and Colorado before moving to Utah in 1872. In 1874, the lure of gold drew him to South America, where he became manager of the Remington Company’s Quartz Works on the island of Trinidad, off the Venezuelan mainland. He contracted malaria in March 1874 and died there.
©Kathy Alexander/Legends of America, updated October 2026.
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