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Native
American Tribes - S - Page 6 |
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Skidi - A tribe of the
Pawnee Confederacy, they were sometimes
called Wolf
Pawnee. Their
language; however, differed slightly from that of the other
Pawnee tribes.
According to tradition the Skidi and
Arikara were once united, but became
separated during the northward migration, the
Arikara keeping to the
Missouri Valley and the Skidi settling on Loup,
Nebraska, where later,
three other
Pawnee tribes built their villages. Their villages included
supernatural underground dwellings of the mythic animals which "presided”
over the ceremonies of their secret societies. Part of the Skidi tribe
moved southward about 1770, approaching the Texas border. During the two
centuries prior to their removal from
Nebraska to
Indian Territory in 1874
the Skidi, in common with the other
Pawnee tribes, fought to hold their
hunting grounds against intruders, and to that end, strove for the
possession of horses.
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Skidi and Wichita
dancers, Edward S. Curtis, 1927. This image available for
photographic prints and downloads
HERE!
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Securing these animals became the chief incentive of
war parties, which indicated a sign of wealth. The history of the
Skidi does not differ materially from that of the other
Pawnee tribes.
They joined in the treaties with the United States, served as scouts
in its army, and followed with the rest of the
Pawnee to
Oklahoma.
Skilloot - A Chinookan tribe found by
Lewis and Clark in 1806 residing on both sides of Columbia River in
Washington and
Oregon, and numbering about 2,500 people. They were
among the tribes almost exterminated by the fever epidemic of 1823.
Later their principal village was Cooniac, at Oak Point,
Washington.
In 1850, they had been reduced to only about 200 and as an individual
tribe, disappeared from history a few years later.
Snake
- A name applied to many different bodies of
Shoshonean
Indians
but most persistently to those of eastern
Oregon, to
which the following synonyms refer. These
Indians
form one dialectic group with the Paviotso of west Nevada and the Mono of
south east
California. The principal Snake tribes were on the Walpapi and Yahooskin.
Snohomish - A
Salish
tribe formerly living on the south end of Whidbey Island, Puget Sound
and on the mainland opposite at the the mouth of Snohomish River in
Washington. Their population was 350 in 1850. What was left of them
moved to the Tulalip Reservation,
Washington, mixed with other broken
tribes.
Snoqualime/Snoqualmie –
Belonging to the Nisqually branch of the coastal division of the
Salishan linguistic family, they lived on the on Snoqualmie and
Skykomish Rivers in
Washington. They were reported to have numbered
225 in 1857.
Soacatino – Also called Xacatin, they
were a tribe met by the companions of Hernando de Soto in
northwestern Louisiana or northeastern Texas. They were probably Caddo
but this has not been determined definitively.
Sobaipuri -
A Piman tribe, they formerly inhabiting the main and tributary valleys
of San Pedro and Santa Cruz Rivers, as well as the Gila River between
the month of the San Pedro River and the ruins of Casa Grande, and
possibly eastward of this area in south
Arizona. Missions were established among them by the Spaniards
in the latter part of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries at
Guevavi, Suamca, and San Xavier del Bac. They were said to have driven
out of Aravypa Canyon by the Apace and were forced to flee to
the Pima. The Apache also caused them to give up their homes on the
San Pedro River and merge into the Papago tribe, who in later years at
least one of the former Sobaipuri towns -- San Xavier del Bac.
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San Xavier del Bac,
Arizona,
1902, Detroit Photographic Co. This image available for
photographic prints and downloads
HERE!
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Spokan - A
name applied to several small bands of
Salish, who lived on and near
the Spokane River in northeast
Washington. The name was originally
employed by the Skitswish to designate a band living at the forks of
the river, called the Smahoomenaish. However, white settlers extended
the name to cover several allied divisions. Their population was
estimated by Lewis and Clark in 1805 at about 600 people living in 30
houses. At the turn of the century, there were about 300 "Lower Spokan"
and 238 "Upper Spokan" living at the Colville Reservation in
Washington and almost 100 living on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation in
Idaho.
Squaxon or Squakson
– Belonging to the Nisqually branch of the coast division of the
Salishan linguistic family, they lived on the North Bay of Puget
Sound. They numbered about 1,000 in 1780 but by the turn of the early
1900s, they had been reduced to less than 100.
Continued Next Page
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