The 1850 census recorded 213,000 people in Texas. In 1900, there were three million people, and by 1990, the population was more than 16 million.  Today, approximately 18 million people live in Texas, only slightly outnumbering its 15 million cattle.

Three existing Indian reservations are in the state: the Alabama-Coushatta Reservation, located between Livingston and Woodville in East Texas; Ysleta del Sur Pueblo (Tigua Indian Reservation) near El Paso; and the Kickapoo Reservation in Maverick County. Most Native Americans in Texas live outside reservations. Texas' Indian population ranks sixth among the states, with approximately 65,000.

Texas has approximately 11,500 historical markers. Marker subjects include historic courthouses, frontier forts, Spanish missions and presidios, cemeteries, churches, individuals, historic homes and buildings and Texas independence battle sites. More than 700 local history museums, 40,000 recorded archeological sites and more than 2,000 sites in Texas are listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

In Texas, it is illegal to curse in front of or indecently expose a corpse.

According to one report, more popcorn is sold in Dallas, Texas than anywhere in the U.S. (The average American eats 42 quarts of popcorn a year.)

The smallest Catholic church in the world still in operation claims to be in Warrenton, Texas. Measuring 12 feet by 15 feet, the church seats 15 and is only open once a year.

Forty percent of the farm-grown catfish in the United States is consumed by Texans.

It is illegal to spit on the sidewalk.

To be elected in the state of Texas, one must believe in a supreme being.

You can buy chicken fried steak at one Chinese restaurant in Fort Stockton, Texas.

On September 8–9, 1900, an estimated 8,000 people were killed in the disastrous Galveston hurricane and flood.

On November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated during a motorcade through downtown Dallas. Vice-President Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas was sworn in as president aboard the presidential airplane at Dallas' Love Field airport that same day.

Texas is as large as all of New England, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Illinois combined.

In 1893 Amarillo’s population was listed as "between 500-600 humans and 50,000 head of cattle."